Re: Marathon on gatorade only
In general, you need 200-300 calories per hour. This is regardless of season, temperature, humidity etc. Electrolytes needs, however, vary with how much you sweat.
Gatorade Endurance is loaded with sodium and is, in my opinion, a drink more appropriate for hot/humid weather.
Serving Size 8 fl oz.
Calories - 50
Sodium - 200mg
Potassium - 90mg
For me, on hot/humid days, I can take in 40-60 oz of fluid per hour. That would be 250-375 cals per hour, with 1000 mg to 1500 mg of sodium per hour. In other words, 60 oz per hour of Gatorade Endurance would be too much cals and sodium (for me). Even 1000 mg of sodium per hour is a lot. I do OK on 600 mg.
Gels, though, are energy only and do not have electrolytes.
Other sports drinks (Succeed and Hammer products, for example), are more "advanced" than Gatorade. With Succeed, the sports drink doesn't have much electrolyte content and instead you take salt pills every hour or 2.