there are quite a few teams, i compete the easter collegiate cycling conference (eccc) with teams all over the mid-atlantic and northeast. this link, http://www.usacycling.org/ncca/, should provide you with a resource for learning more about districts and teams. i can say that columbia has a great team!

I might be off base here, but depending on how many years you went to college previously, you might not be eligible under collegiate rules. If the team is an intramural team, such as IU, that probably would not be a problem. Bloomington is a great place for riding, but I don't know how strong their computer science program is (I'm biased, it's my alma mater. With respect to the length of the riding season, you are probably only off the bike a couple of months outside (Jan and Feb) depending on your constitution.

You might look at Marian College in Indianapolis. Now that's a really serious cycling school! http://athletics.marian.edu/cycling.shtml